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The action research methodology is known by various names that consist of participatory research, emancipator research and even contextual action. However, they are named so based on their themes. In simple words, action research is the process of learning things by working on them personally and to observe how useful or successful they are. The other famous definition for this methodology is to offer solutions for the practical concerns of the people in an immediate situation.
The process of action research methodology has basically four phases such as planning, action, observation and finally reflecting the results obtained in the due course of research. On the other hand, according to Gerald Susman (1983), there are five steps in which this research cycle runs on. To begin with an issue is chosen and data is gathered for a detailed analysis and this is succeeded by a collection of solutions with respect to the issue. From these solutions, a single plan of action is chosen and incorporated into the cycle and the data on the results are gathered and assessed for the success achieved by the action.